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AS(1)                        GNU Development Tools                       AS(1)

NAME
       AS - the portable GNU assembler.

SYNOPSIS
       as [-a[cdghlns][=file]] [--alternate] [-D]
        [--compress-debug-sections]  [--nocompress-debug-sections]
        [--debug-prefix-map old=new]
        [--defsym sym=val] [-f] [-g] [--gstabs]
        [--gstabs+] [--gdwarf-2] [--gdwarf-sections]
        [--gdwarf-cie-version=VERSION]
        [--help] [-I dir] [-J]
        [-K] [-L] [--listing-lhs-width=NUM]
        [--listing-lhs-width2=NUM] [--listing-rhs-width=NUM]
        [--listing-cont-lines=NUM] [--keep-locals]
        [--no-pad-sections]
        [-o objfile] [-R]
        [--hash-size=NUM] [--reduce-memory-overheads]
        [--statistics]
        [-v] [-version] [--version]
        [-W] [--warn] [--fatal-warnings] [-w] [-x]
        [-Z] [@FILE]
        [--sectname-subst] [--size-check=[error|warning]]
        [--elf-stt-common=[no|yes]]
        [--generate-missing-build-notes=[no|yes]]
        [--target-help] [target-options]
        [--|files ...]

TARGET
       Target AArch64 options:
          [-EB|-EL]
          [-mabi=ABI]

       Target Alpha options:
          [-mcpu]
          [-mdebug | -no-mdebug]
          [-replace | -noreplace]
          [-relax] [-g] [-Gsize]
          [-F] [-32addr]

       Target ARC options:
          [-mcpu=cpu]
          [-mA6|-mARC600|-mARC601|-mA7|-mARC700|-mEM|-mHS]
          [-mcode-density]
          [-mrelax]
          [-EB|-EL]

       Target ARM options:
          [-mcpu=processor[+extension...]]
          [-march=architecture[+extension...]]
          [-mfpu=floating-point-format]
          [-mfloat-abi=abi]
          [-meabi=ver]
          [-mthumb]
          [-EB|-EL]
          [-mapcs-32|-mapcs-26|-mapcs-float|
           -mapcs-reentrant]
          [-mthumb-interwork] [-k]

       Target Blackfin options:
          [-mcpu=processor[-sirevision]]
          [-mfdpic]
          [-mno-fdpic]
          [-mnopic]

       Target BPF options:
          [-EL] [-EB]

       Target CRIS options:
          [--underscore | --no-underscore]
          [--pic] [-N]
          [--emulation=criself | --emulation=crisaout]
          [--march=v0_v10 | --march=v10 | --march=v32 |
       --march=common_v10_v32]

       Target C-SKY options:
          [-march=arch] [-mcpu=cpu]
          [-EL] [-mlittle-endian] [-EB] [-mbig-endian]
          [-fpic] [-pic]
          [-mljump] [-mno-ljump]
          [-force2bsr] [-mforce2bsr] [-no-force2bsr] [-mno-force2bsr]
          [-jsri2bsr] [-mjsri2bsr] [-no-jsri2bsr ] [-mno-jsri2bsr]
          [-mnolrw ] [-mno-lrw]
          [-melrw] [-mno-elrw]
          [-mlaf ] [-mliterals-after-func]
          [-mno-laf] [-mno-literals-after-func]
          [-mlabr] [-mliterals-after-br]
          [-mno-labr] [-mnoliterals-after-br]
          [-mistack] [-mno-istack]
          [-mhard-float] [-mmp] [-mcp] [-mcache]
          [-msecurity] [-mtrust]
          [-mdsp] [-medsp] [-mvdsp]

       Target D10V options:
          [-O]

       Target D30V options:
          [-O|-n|-N]

       Target EPIPHANY options:
          [-mepiphany|-mepiphany16]

       Target H8/300 options:
          [-h-tick-hex]

       Target i386 options:
          [--32|--x32|--64] [-n]
          [-march=CPU[+EXTENSION...]] [-mtune=CPU]

       Target IA-64 options:
          [-mconstant-gp|-mauto-pic]
          [-milp32|-milp64|-mlp64|-mp64]
          [-mle|mbe]
          [-mtune=itanium1|-mtune=itanium2]
          [-munwind-check=warning|-munwind-check=error]
          [-mhint.b=ok|-mhint.b=warning|-mhint.b=error]
          [-x|-xexplicit] [-xauto] [-xdebug]

       Target IP2K options:
          [-mip2022|-mip2022ext]

       Target M32C options:
          [-m32c|-m16c] [-relax] [-h-tick-hex]

       Target M32R options:
          [--m32rx|--[no-]warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts|
          --W[n]p]

       Target M680X0 options:
          [-l] [-m68000|-m68010|-m68020|...]

       Target M68HC11 options:
          [-m68hc11|-m68hc12|-m68hcs12|-mm9s12x|-mm9s12xg]
          [-mshort|-mlong]
          [-mshort-double|-mlong-double]
          [--force-long-branches] [--short-branches]
          [--strict-direct-mode] [--print-insn-syntax]
          [--print-opcodes] [--generate-example]

       Target MCORE options:
          [-jsri2bsr] [-sifilter] [-relax]
          [-mcpu=[210|340]]

       Target Meta options:
          [-mcpu=cpu] [-mfpu=cpu] [-mdsp=cpu] Target MICROBLAZE options:

       Target MIPS options:
          [-nocpp] [-EL] [-EB] [-O[optimization level]]
          [-g[debug level]] [-G num] [-KPIC] [-call_shared]
          [-non_shared] [-xgot [-mvxworks-pic]
          [-mabi=ABI] [-32] [-n32] [-64] [-mfp32] [-mgp32]
          [-mfp64] [-mgp64] [-mfpxx]
          [-modd-spreg] [-mno-odd-spreg]
          [-march=CPU] [-mtune=CPU] [-mips1] [-mips2]
          [-mips3] [-mips4] [-mips5] [-mips32] [-mips32r2]
          [-mips32r3] [-mips32r5] [-mips32r6] [-mips64] [-mips64r2]
          [-mips64r3] [-mips64r5] [-mips64r6]
          [-construct-floats] [-no-construct-floats]
          [-mignore-branch-isa] [-mno-ignore-branch-isa]
          [-mnan=encoding]
          [-trap] [-no-break] [-break] [-no-trap]
          [-mips16] [-no-mips16]
          [-mmips16e2] [-mno-mips16e2]
          [-mmicromips] [-mno-micromips]
          [-msmartmips] [-mno-smartmips]
          [-mips3d] [-no-mips3d]
          [-mdmx] [-no-mdmx]
          [-mdsp] [-mno-dsp]
          [-mdspr2] [-mno-dspr2]
          [-mdspr3] [-mno-dspr3]
          [-mmsa] [-mno-msa]
          [-mxpa] [-mno-xpa]
          [-mmt] [-mno-mt]
          [-mmcu] [-mno-mcu]
          [-mcrc] [-mno-crc]
          [-mginv] [-mno-ginv]
          [-mloongson-mmi] [-mno-loongson-mmi]
          [-mloongson-cam] [-mno-loongson-cam]
          [-mloongson-ext] [-mno-loongson-ext]
          [-mloongson-ext2] [-mno-loongson-ext2]
          [-minsn32] [-mno-insn32]
          [-mfix7000] [-mno-fix7000]
          [-mfix-rm7000] [-mno-fix-rm7000]
          [-mfix-vr4120] [-mno-fix-vr4120]
          [-mfix-vr4130] [-mno-fix-vr4130]
          [-mfix-r5900] [-mno-fix-r5900]
          [-mdebug] [-no-mdebug]
          [-mpdr] [-mno-pdr]

       Target MMIX options:
          [--fixed-special-register-names] [--globalize-symbols]
          [--gnu-syntax] [--relax] [--no-predefined-symbols]
          [--no-expand] [--no-merge-gregs] [-x]
          [--linker-allocated-gregs]

       Target Nios II options:
          [-relax-all] [-relax-section] [-no-relax]
          [-EB] [-EL]

       Target NDS32 options:
           [-EL] [-EB] [-O] [-Os] [-mcpu=cpu]
           [-misa=isa] [-mabi=abi] [-mall-ext]
           [-m[no-]16-bit]  [-m[no-]perf-ext] [-m[no-]perf2-ext]
           [-m[no-]string-ext] [-m[no-]dsp-ext] [-m[no-]mac] [-m[no-]div]
           [-m[no-]audio-isa-ext] [-m[no-]fpu-sp-ext] [-m[no-]fpu-dp-ext]
           [-m[no-]fpu-fma] [-mfpu-freg=FREG] [-mreduced-regs]
           [-mfull-regs] [-m[no-]dx-regs] [-mpic] [-mno-relax]
           [-mb2bb]

       Target PDP11 options:
          [-mpic|-mno-pic] [-mall] [-mno-extensions]
          [-mextension|-mno-extension]
          [-mcpu] [-mmachine]

       Target picoJava options:
          [-mb|-me]

       Target PowerPC options:
          [-a32|-a64]
          [-mpwrx|-mpwr2|-mpwr|-m601|-mppc|-mppc32|-m603|-m604|-m403|-m405|
           -m440|-m464|-m476|-m7400|-m7410|-m7450|-m7455|-m750cl|-mgekko|
           -mbroadway|-mppc64|-m620|-me500|-e500x2|-me500mc|-me500mc64|-me5500|
           -me6500|-mppc64bridge|-mbooke|-mpower4|-mpwr4|-mpower5|-mpwr5|-mpwr5x|
           -mpower6|-mpwr6|-mpower7|-mpwr7|-mpower8|-mpwr8|-mpower9|-mpwr9-ma2|
           -mcell|-mspe|-mspe2|-mtitan|-me300|-mcom]
          [-many] [-maltivec|-mvsx|-mhtm|-mvle]
          [-mregnames|-mno-regnames]
          [-mrelocatable|-mrelocatable-lib|-K PIC] [-memb]
          [-mlittle|-mlittle-endian|-le|-mbig|-mbig-endian|-be]
          [-msolaris|-mno-solaris]
          [-nops=count]

       Target PRU options:
          [-link-relax]
          [-mnolink-relax]
          [-mno-warn-regname-label]

       Target RISC-V options:
          [-fpic|-fPIC|-fno-pic]
          [-march=ISA]
          [-mabi=ABI]

       Target RL78 options:
          [-mg10]
          [-m32bit-doubles|-m64bit-doubles]

       Target RX options:
          [-mlittle-endian|-mbig-endian]
          [-m32bit-doubles|-m64bit-doubles]
          [-muse-conventional-section-names]
          [-msmall-data-limit]
          [-mpid]
          [-mrelax]
          [-mint-register=number]
          [-mgcc-abi|-mrx-abi]

       Target s390 options:
          [-m31|-m64] [-mesa|-mzarch] [-march=CPU]
          [-mregnames|-mno-regnames]
          [-mwarn-areg-zero]

       Target SCORE options:
          [-EB][-EL][-FIXDD][-NWARN]
          [-SCORE5][-SCORE5U][-SCORE7][-SCORE3]
          [-march=score7][-march=score3]
          [-USE_R1][-KPIC][-O0][-G num][-V]

       Target SPARC options:
          [-Av6|-Av7|-Av8|-Aleon|-Asparclet|-Asparclite
           -Av8plus|-Av8plusa|-Av8plusb|-Av8plusc|-Av8plusd
           -Av8plusv|-Av8plusm|-Av9|-Av9a|-Av9b|-Av9c
           -Av9d|-Av9e|-Av9v|-Av9m|-Asparc|-Asparcvis
           -Asparcvis2|-Asparcfmaf|-Asparcima|-Asparcvis3
           -Asparcvisr|-Asparc5]
          [-xarch=v8plus|-xarch=v8plusa]|-xarch=v8plusb|-xarch=v8plusc
           -xarch=v8plusd|-xarch=v8plusv|-xarch=v8plusm|-xarch=v9
           -xarch=v9a|-xarch=v9b|-xarch=v9c|-xarch=v9d|-xarch=v9e
           -xarch=v9v|-xarch=v9m|-xarch=sparc|-xarch=sparcvis
           -xarch=sparcvis2|-xarch=sparcfmaf|-xarch=sparcima
           -xarch=sparcvis3|-xarch=sparcvisr|-xarch=sparc5
           -bump]
          [-32|-64]
          [--enforce-aligned-data][--dcti-couples-detect]

       Target TIC54X options:
        [-mcpu=54[123589]|-mcpu=54[56]lp] [-mfar-mode|-mf]
        [-merrors-to-file _filename_|-me _filename_]

       Target TIC6X options:
          [-march=arch] [-mbig-endian|-mlittle-endian]
          [-mdsbt|-mno-dsbt] [-mpid=no|-mpid=near|-mpid=far]
          [-mpic|-mno-pic]

       Target TILE-Gx options:
          [-m32|-m64][-EB][-EL]

       Target Visium options:
          [-mtune=arch]

       Target Xtensa options:
        [--[no-]text-section-literals] [--[no-]auto-litpools]
        [--[no-]absolute-literals]
        [--[no-]target-align] [--[no-]longcalls]
        [--[no-]transform]
        [--rename-section oldname=newname]
        [--[no-]trampolines]

       Target Z80 options:
         [-z80]|[-z180]|[-r800]|[-ez80]|[-ez80-adl]
         [-local-prefix=PREFIX]
         [-colonless]
         [-sdcc]
         [-fp-s=FORMAT]
         [-fp-d=FORMAT]
         [-strict]|[-full]
         [-with-inst=INST[,...]] [-Wnins INST[,...]]
         [-without-inst=INST[,...]] [-Fins INST[,...]]
         [ -ignore-undocumented-instructions] [-Wnud]
         [ -ignore-unportable-instructions] [-Wnup]
         [ -warn-undocumented-instructions] [-Wud]
         [ -warn-unportable-instructions] [-Wup]
         [ -forbid-undocumented-instructions] [-Fud]
         [ -forbid-unportable-instructions] [-Fup]

DESCRIPTION
       GNU as is really a family of assemblers.  If you use (or have used) the
       GNU assembler on one architecture, you should find a fairly similar
       environment when you use it on another architecture.  Each version has
       much in common with the others, including object file formats, most
       assembler directives (often called pseudo-ops) and assembler syntax.

       as is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C compiler
       "gcc" for use by the linker "ld".  Nevertheless, we've tried to make as
       assemble correctly everything that other assemblers for the same
       machine would assemble.  Any exceptions are documented explicitly.
       This doesn't mean as always uses the same syntax as another assembler
       for the same architecture; for example, we know of several incompatible
       versions of 680x0 assembly language syntax.

       Each time you run as it assembles exactly one source program.  The
       source program is made up of one or more files.  (The standard input is
       also a file.)

       You give as a command line that has zero or more input file names.  The
       input files are read (from left file name to right).  A command-line
       argument (in any position) that has no special meaning is taken to be
       an input file name.

       If you give as no file names it attempts to read one input file from
       the as standard input, which is normally your terminal.  You may have
       to type ctl-D to tell as there is no more program to assemble.

       Use -- if you need to explicitly name the standard input file in your
       command line.

       If the source is empty, as produces a small, empty object file.

       as may write warnings and error messages to the standard error file
       (usually your terminal).  This should not happen when  a compiler runs
       as automatically.  Warnings report an assumption made so that as could
       keep assembling a flawed program; errors report a grave problem that
       stops the assembly.

       If you are invoking as via the GNU C compiler, you can use the -Wa
       option to pass arguments through to the assembler.  The assembler
       arguments must be separated from each other (and the -Wa) by commas.
       For example:

               gcc -c -g -O -Wa,-alh,-L file.c

       This passes two options to the assembler: -alh (emit a listing to
       standard output with high-level and assembly source) and -L (retain
       local symbols in the symbol table).

       Usually you do not need to use this -Wa mechanism, since many compiler
       command-line options are automatically passed to the assembler by the
       compiler.  (You can call the GNU compiler driver with the -v option to
       see precisely what options it passes to each compilation pass,
       including the assembler.)

OPTIONS
       @file
           Read command-line options from file.  The options read are inserted
           in place of the original @file option.  If file does not exist, or
           cannot be read, then the option will be treated literally, and not
           removed.

           Options in file are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace
           character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
           option in either single or double quotes.  Any character (including
           a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be
           included with a backslash.  The file may itself contain additional
           @file options; any such options will be processed recursively.

       -a[cdghlmns]
           Turn on listings, in any of a variety of ways:

           -ac omit false conditionals

           -ad omit debugging directives

           -ag include general information, like as version and options passed

           -ah include high-level source

           -al include assembly

           -am include macro expansions

           -an omit forms processing

           -as include symbols

           =file
               set the name of the listing file

           You may combine these options; for example, use -aln for assembly
           listing without forms processing.  The =file option, if used, must
           be the last one.  By itself, -a defaults to -ahls.

       --alternate
           Begin in alternate macro mode.

       --compress-debug-sections
           Compress DWARF debug sections using zlib with SHF_COMPRESSED from
           the ELF ABI.  The resulting object file may not be compatible with
           older linkers and object file utilities.  Note if compression would
           make a given section larger then it is not compressed.

       --compress-debug-sections=none
       --compress-debug-sections=zlib
       --compress-debug-sections=zlib-gnu
       --compress-debug-sections=zlib-gabi
           These options control how DWARF debug sections are compressed.
           --compress-debug-sections=none is equivalent to
           --nocompress-debug-sections.  --compress-debug-sections=zlib and
           --compress-debug-sections=zlib-gabi are equivalent to
           --compress-debug-sections.  --compress-debug-sections=zlib-gnu
           compresses DWARF debug sections using zlib.  The debug sections are
           renamed to begin with .zdebug.  Note if compression would make a
           given section larger then it is not compressed nor renamed.

       --nocompress-debug-sections
           Do not compress DWARF debug sections.  This is usually the default
           for all targets except the x86/x86_64, but a configure time option
           can be used to override this.

       -D  Ignored.  This option is accepted for script compatibility with
           calls to other assemblers.

       --debug-prefix-map old=new
           When assembling files in directory old, record debugging
           information describing them as in new instead.

       --defsym sym=value
           Define the symbol sym to be value before assembling the input file.
           value must be an integer constant.  As in C, a leading 0x indicates
           a hexadecimal value, and a leading 0 indicates an octal value.  The
           value of the symbol can be overridden inside a source file via the
           use of a ".set" pseudo-op.

       -f  "fast"---skip whitespace and comment preprocessing (assume source
           is compiler output).

       -g
       --gen-debug
           Generate debugging information for each assembler source line using
           whichever debug format is preferred by the target.  This currently
           means either STABS, ECOFF or DWARF2.

       --gstabs
           Generate stabs debugging information for each assembler line.  This
           may help debugging assembler code, if the debugger can handle it.

       --gstabs+
           Generate stabs debugging information for each assembler line, with
           GNU extensions that probably only gdb can handle, and that could
           make other debuggers crash or refuse to read your program.  This
           may help debugging assembler code.  Currently the only GNU
           extension is the location of the current working directory at
           assembling time.

       --gdwarf-2
           Generate DWARF2 debugging information for each assembler line.
           This may help debugging assembler code, if the debugger can handle
           it.  Note---this option is only supported by some targets, not all
           of them.

       --gdwarf-sections
           Instead of creating a .debug_line section, create a series of
           .debug_line.foo sections where foo is the name of the corresponding
           code section.  For example a code section called .text.func will
           have its dwarf line number information placed into a section called
           .debug_line.text.func.  If the code section is just called .text
           then debug line section will still be called just .debug_line
           without any suffix.

       --gdwarf-cie-version=version
           Control which version of DWARF Common Information Entries (CIEs)
           are produced.  When this flag is not specificed the default is
           version 1, though some targets can modify this default.  Other
           possible values for version are 3 or 4.

       --size-check=error
       --size-check=warning
           Issue an error or warning for invalid ELF .size directive.

       --elf-stt-common=no
       --elf-stt-common=yes
           These options control whether the ELF assembler should generate
           common symbols with the "STT_COMMON" type.  The default can be
           controlled by a configure option --enable-elf-stt-common.

       --generate-missing-build-notes=yes
       --generate-missing-build-notes=no
           These options control whether the ELF assembler should generate GNU
           Build attribute notes if none are present in the input sources.
           The default can be controlled by the --enable-generate-build-notes
           configure option.

       --help
           Print a summary of the command-line options and exit.

       --target-help
           Print a summary of all target specific options and exit.

       -I dir
           Add directory dir to the search list for ".include" directives.

       -J  Don't warn about signed overflow.

       -K  Issue warnings when difference tables altered for long
           displacements.

       -L
       --keep-locals
           Keep (in the symbol table) local symbols.  These symbols start with
           system-specific local label prefixes, typically .L for ELF systems
           or L for traditional a.out systems.

       --listing-lhs-width=number
           Set the maximum width, in words, of the output data column for an
           assembler listing to number.

       --listing-lhs-width2=number
           Set the maximum width, in words, of the output data column for
           continuation lines in an assembler listing to number.

       --listing-rhs-width=number
           Set the maximum width of an input source line, as displayed in a
           listing, to number bytes.

       --listing-cont-lines=number
           Set the maximum number of lines printed in a listing for a single
           line of input to number + 1.

       --no-pad-sections
           Stop the assembler for padding the ends of output sections to the
           alignment of that section.  The default is to pad the sections, but
           this can waste space which might be needed on targets which have
           tight memory constraints.

       -o objfile
           Name the object-file output from as objfile.

       -R  Fold the data section into the text section.

       --hash-size=number
           Set the default size of GAS's hash tables to a prime number close
           to number.  Increasing this value can reduce the length of time it
           takes the assembler to perform its tasks, at the expense of
           increasing the assembler's memory requirements.  Similarly reducing
           this value can reduce the memory requirements at the expense of
           speed.

       --reduce-memory-overheads
           This option reduces GAS's memory requirements, at the expense of
           making the assembly processes slower.  Currently this switch is a
           synonym for --hash-size=4051, but in the future it may have other
           effects as well.

       --sectname-subst
           Honor substitution sequences in section names.

       --statistics
           Print the maximum space (in bytes) and total time (in seconds) used
           by assembly.

       --strip-local-absolute
           Remove local absolute symbols from the outgoing symbol table.

       -v
       -version
           Print the as version.

       --version
           Print the as version and exit.

       -W
       --no-warn
           Suppress warning messages.

       --fatal-warnings
           Treat warnings as errors.

       --warn
           Don't suppress warning messages or treat them as errors.

       -w  Ignored.

       -x  Ignored.

       -Z  Generate an object file even after errors.

       -- | files ...
           Standard input, or source files to assemble.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the
       64-bit mode of the ARM Architecture (AArch64).

       -EB This option specifies that the output generated by the assembler
           should be marked as being encoded for a big-endian processor.

       -EL This option specifies that the output generated by the assembler
           should be marked as being encoded for a little-endian processor.

       -mabi=abi
           Specify which ABI the source code uses.  The recognized arguments
           are: "ilp32" and "lp64", which decides the generated object file in
           ELF32 and ELF64 format respectively.  The default is "lp64".

       -mcpu=processor[+extension...]
           This option specifies the target processor.  The assembler will
           issue an error message if an attempt is made to assemble an
           instruction which will not execute on the target processor.  The
           following processor names are recognized: "cortex-a34",
           "cortex-a35", "cortex-a53", "cortex-a55", "cortex-a57",
           "cortex-a65", "cortex-a65ae", "cortex-a72", "cortex-a73",
           "cortex-a75", "cortex-a76", "cortex-a76ae", "cortex-a77", "ares",
           "exynos-m1", "falkor", "neoverse-n1", "neoverse-e1", "qdf24xx",
           "saphira", "thunderx", "vulcan", "xgene1" and "xgene2".  The
           special name "all" may be used to allow the assembler to accept
           instructions valid for any supported processor, including all
           optional extensions.

           In addition to the basic instruction set, the assembler can be told
           to accept, or restrict, various extension mnemonics that extend the
           processor.

           If some implementations of a particular processor can have an
           extension, then then those extensions are automatically enabled.
           Consequently, you will not normally have to specify any additional
           extensions.

       -march=architecture[+extension...]
           This option specifies the target architecture.  The assembler will
           issue an error message if an attempt is made to assemble an
           instruction which will not execute on the target architecture.  The
           following architecture names are recognized: "armv8-a",
           "armv8.1-a", "armv8.2-a", "armv8.3-a", "armv8.4-a" "armv8.5-a", and
           "armv8.6-a".

           If both -mcpu and -march are specified, the assembler will use the
           setting for -mcpu.  If neither are specified, the assembler will
           default to -mcpu=all.

           The architecture option can be extended with the same instruction
           set extension options as the -mcpu option.  Unlike -mcpu,
           extensions are not always enabled by default,

       -mverbose-error
           This option enables verbose error messages for AArch64 gas.  This
           option is enabled by default.

       -mno-verbose-error
           This option disables verbose error messages in AArch64 gas.

       The following options are available when as is configured for an Alpha
       processor.

       -mcpu
           This option specifies the target processor.  If an attempt is made
           to assemble an instruction which will not execute on the target
           processor, the assembler may either expand the instruction as a
           macro or issue an error message.  This option is equivalent to the
           ".arch" directive.

           The following processor names are recognized: 21064, "21064a",
           21066, 21068, 21164, "21164a", "21164pc", 21264, "21264a",
           "21264b", "ev4", "ev5", "lca45", "ev5", "ev56", "pca56", "ev6",
           "ev67", "ev68".  The special name "all" may be used to allow the
           assembler to accept instructions valid for any Alpha processor.

           In order to support existing practice in OSF/1 with respect to
           ".arch", and existing practice within MILO (the Linux ARC
           bootloader), the numbered processor names (e.g. 21064) enable the
           processor-specific PALcode instructions, while the "electro-vlasic"
           names (e.g. "ev4") do not.

       -mdebug
       -no-mdebug
           Enables or disables the generation of ".mdebug" encapsulation for
           stabs directives and procedure descriptors.  The default is to
           automatically enable ".mdebug" when the first stabs directive is
           seen.

       -relax
           This option forces all relocations to be put into the object file,
           instead of saving space and resolving some relocations at assembly
           time.  Note that this option does not propagate all symbol
           arithmetic into the object file, because not all symbol arithmetic
           can be represented.  However, the option can still be useful in
           specific applications.

       -replace
       -noreplace
           Enables or disables the optimization of procedure calls, both at
           assemblage and at link time.  These options are only available for
           VMS targets and "-replace" is the default.  See section 1.4.1 of
           the OpenVMS Linker Utility Manual.

       -g  This option is used when the compiler generates debug information.
           When gcc is using mips-tfile to generate debug information for
           ECOFF, local labels must be passed through to the object file.
           Otherwise this option has no effect.

       -Gsize
           A local common symbol larger than size is placed in ".bss", while
           smaller symbols are placed in ".sbss".

       -F
       -32addr
           These options are ignored for backward compatibility.

       The following options are available when as is configured for an ARC
       processor.

       -mcpu=cpu
           This option selects the core processor variant.

       -EB | -EL
           Select either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian (-EL) output.

       -mcode-density
           Enable Code Density extenssion instructions.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the ARM
       processor family.

       -mcpu=processor[+extension...]
           Specify which ARM processor variant is the target.

       -march=architecture[+extension...]
           Specify which ARM architecture variant is used by the target.

       -mfpu=floating-point-format
           Select which Floating Point architecture is the target.

       -mfloat-abi=abi
           Select which floating point ABI is in use.

       -mthumb
           Enable Thumb only instruction decoding.

       -mapcs-32 | -mapcs-26 | -mapcs-float | -mapcs-reentrant
           Select which procedure calling convention is in use.

       -EB | -EL
           Select either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian (-EL) output.

       -mthumb-interwork
           Specify that the code has been generated with interworking between
           Thumb and ARM code in mind.

       -mccs
           Turns on CodeComposer Studio assembly syntax compatibility mode.

       -k  Specify that PIC code has been generated.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the
       Blackfin processor family.

       -mcpu=processor[-sirevision]
           This option specifies the target processor.  The optional
           sirevision is not used in assembler.  It's here such that GCC can
           easily pass down its "-mcpu=" option.  The assembler will issue an
           error message if an attempt is made to assemble an instruction
           which will not execute on the target processor.  The following
           processor names are recognized: "bf504", "bf506", "bf512", "bf514",
           "bf516", "bf518", "bf522", "bf523", "bf524", "bf525", "bf526",
           "bf527", "bf531", "bf532", "bf533", "bf534", "bf535" (not
           implemented yet), "bf536", "bf537", "bf538", "bf539", "bf542",
           "bf542m", "bf544", "bf544m", "bf547", "bf547m", "bf548", "bf548m",
           "bf549", "bf549m", "bf561", and "bf592".

       -mfdpic
           Assemble for the FDPIC ABI.

       -mno-fdpic
       -mnopic
           Disable -mfdpic.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the Linux
       kernel BPF processor family.

       @chapter BPF Dependent Features

   Options
       -EB This option specifies that the assembler should emit big-endian
           eBPF.

       -EL This option specifies that the assembler should emit little-endian
           eBPF.

       Note that if no endianness option is specified in the command line, the
       host endianness is used.  See the info pages for documentation of the
       CRIS-specific options.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the C-SKY
       processor family.

       -march=archname
           Assemble for architecture archname.  The --help option lists valid
           values for archname.

       -mcpu=cpuname
           Assemble for architecture cpuname.  The --help option lists valid
           values for cpuname.

       -EL
       -mlittle-endian
           Generate little-endian output.

       -EB
       -mbig-endian
           Generate big-endian output.

       -fpic
       -pic
           Generate position-independent code.

       -mljump
       -mno-ljump
           Enable/disable transformation of the short branch instructions
           "jbf", "jbt", and "jbr" to "jmpi".  This option is for V2
           processors only.  It is ignored on CK801 and CK802 targets, which
           do not support the "jmpi" instruction, and is enabled by default
           for other processors.

       -mbranch-stub
       -mno-branch-stub
           Pass through "R_CKCORE_PCREL_IMM26BY2" relocations for "bsr"
           instructions to the linker.

           This option is only available for bare-metal C-SKY V2 ELF targets,
           where it is enabled by default.  It cannot be used in code that
           will be dynamically linked against shared libraries.

       -force2bsr
       -mforce2bsr
       -no-force2bsr
       -mno-force2bsr
           Enable/disable transformation of "jbsr" instructions to "bsr".
           This option is always enabled (and -mno-force2bsr is ignored) for
           CK801/CK802 targets.  It is also always enabled when -mbranch-stub
           is in effect.

       -jsri2bsr
       -mjsri2bsr
       -no-jsri2bsr
       -mno-jsri2bsr
           Enable/disable transformation of "jsri" instructions to "bsr".
           This option is enabled by default.

       -mnolrw
       -mno-lrw
           Enable/disable transformation of "lrw" instructions into a
           "movih"/"ori" pair.

       -melrw
       -mno-elrw
           Enable/disable extended "lrw" instructions.  This option is enabled
           by default for CK800-series processors.

       -mlaf
       -mliterals-after-func
       -mno-laf
       -mno-literals-after-func
           Enable/disable placement of literal pools after each function.

       -mlabr
       -mliterals-after-br
       -mno-labr
       -mnoliterals-after-br
           Enable/disable placement of literal pools after unconditional
           branches.  This option is enabled by default.

       -mistack
       -mno-istack
           Enable/disable interrupt stack instructions.  This option is
           enabled by default on CK801, CK802, and CK802 processors.

       The following options explicitly enable certain optional instructions.
       These features are also enabled implicitly by using "-mcpu=" to specify
       a processor that supports it.

       -mhard-float
           Enable hard float instructions.

       -mmp
           Enable multiprocessor instructions.

       -mcp
           Enable coprocessor instructions.

       -mcache
           Enable cache prefetch instruction.

       -msecurity
           Enable C-SKY security instructions.

       -mtrust
           Enable C-SKY trust instructions.

       -mdsp
           Enable DSP instructions.

       -medsp
           Enable enhanced DSP instructions.

       -mvdsp
           Enable vector DSP instructions.

       The following options are available when as is configured for an
       Epiphany processor.

       -mepiphany
           Specifies that the both 32 and 16 bit instructions are allowed.
           This is the default behavior.

       -mepiphany16
           Restricts the permitted instructions to just the 16 bit set.

       The following options are available when as is configured for an H8/300
       processor.  @chapter H8/300 Dependent Features

   Options
       The Renesas H8/300 version of "as" has one machine-dependent option:

       -h-tick-hex
           Support H'00 style hex constants in addition to 0x00 style.

       -mach=name
           Sets the H8300 machine variant.  The following machine names are
           recognised: "h8300h", "h8300hn", "h8300s", "h8300sn", "h8300sx" and
           "h8300sxn".

       The following options are available when as is configured for an i386
       processor.

       --32 | --x32 | --64
           Select the word size, either 32 bits or 64 bits.  --32 implies
           Intel i386 architecture, while --x32 and --64 imply AMD x86-64
           architecture with 32-bit or 64-bit word-size respectively.

           These options are only available with the ELF object file format,
           and require that the necessary BFD support has been included (on a
           32-bit platform you have to add --enable-64-bit-bfd to configure
           enable 64-bit usage and use x86-64 as target platform).

       -n  By default, x86 GAS replaces multiple nop instructions used for
           alignment within code sections with multi-byte nop instructions
           such as leal 0(%esi,1),%esi.  This switch disables the optimization
           if a single byte nop (0x90) is explicitly specified as the fill
           byte for alignment.

       --divide
           On SVR4-derived platforms, the character / is treated as a comment
           character, which means that it cannot be used in expressions.  The
           --divide option turns / into a normal character.  This does not
           disable / at the beginning of a line starting a comment, or affect
           using # for starting a comment.

       -march=CPU[+EXTENSION...]
           This option specifies the target processor.  The assembler will
           issue an error message if an attempt is made to assemble an
           instruction which will not execute on the target processor.  The
           following processor names are recognized: "i8086", "i186", "i286",
           "i386", "i486", "i586", "i686", "pentium", "pentiumpro",
           "pentiumii", "pentiumiii", "pentium4", "prescott", "nocona",
           "core", "core2", "corei7", "l1om", "k1om", "iamcu", "k6", "k6_2",
           "athlon", "opteron", "k8", "amdfam10", "bdver1", "bdver2",
           "bdver3", "bdver4", "znver1", "znver2", "btver1", "btver2",
           "generic32" and "generic64".

           In addition to the basic instruction set, the assembler can be told
           to accept various extension mnemonics.  For example,
           "-march=i686+sse4+vmx" extends i686 with sse4 and vmx.  The
           following extensions are currently supported: 8087, 287, 387, 687,
           "no87", "no287", "no387", "no687", "cmov", "nocmov", "fxsr",
           "nofxsr", "mmx", "nommx", "sse", "sse2", "sse3", "ssse3", "sse4.1",
           "sse4.2", "sse4", "nosse", "nosse2", "nosse3", "nossse3",
           "nosse4.1", "nosse4.2", "nosse4", "avx", "avx2", "noavx", "noavx2",
           "adx", "rdseed", "prfchw", "smap", "mpx", "sha", "rdpid",
           "ptwrite", "cet", "gfni", "vaes", "vpclmulqdq", "prefetchwt1",
           "clflushopt", "se1", "clwb", "movdiri", "movdir64b", "enqcmd",
           "avx512f", "avx512cd", "avx512er", "avx512pf", "avx512vl",
           "avx512bw", "avx512dq", "avx512ifma", "avx512vbmi",
           "avx512_4fmaps", "avx512_4vnniw", "avx512_vpopcntdq",
           "avx512_vbmi2", "avx512_vnni", "avx512_bitalg", "avx512_bf16",
           "noavx512f", "noavx512cd", "noavx512er", "noavx512pf",
           "noavx512vl", "noavx512bw", "noavx512dq", "noavx512ifma",
           "noavx512vbmi", "noavx512_4fmaps", "noavx512_4vnniw",
           "noavx512_vpopcntdq", "noavx512_vbmi2", "noavx512_vnni",
           "noavx512_bitalg", "noavx512_vp2intersect", "noavx512_bf16",
           "noenqcmd", "vmx", "vmfunc", "smx", "xsave", "xsaveopt", "xsavec",
           "xsaves", "aes", "pclmul", "fsgsbase", "rdrnd", "f16c", "bmi2",
           "fma", "movbe", "ept", "lzcnt", "hle", "rtm", "invpcid", "clflush",
           "mwaitx", "clzero", "wbnoinvd", "pconfig", "waitpkg", "cldemote",
           "rdpru", "mcommit", "lwp", "fma4", "xop", "cx16", "syscall",
           "rdtscp", "3dnow", "3dnowa", "sse4a", "sse5", "svme", "abm" and
           "padlock".  Note that rather than extending a basic instruction
           set, the extension mnemonics starting with "no" revoke the
           respective functionality.

           When the ".arch" directive is used with -march, the ".arch"
           directive will take precedent.

       -mtune=CPU
           This option specifies a processor to optimize for. When used in
           conjunction with the -march option, only instructions of the
           processor specified by the -march option will be generated.

           Valid CPU values are identical to the processor list of -march=CPU.

       -msse2avx
           This option specifies that the assembler should encode SSE
           instructions with VEX prefix.

       -msse-check=none
       -msse-check=warning
       -msse-check=error
           These options control if the assembler should check SSE
           instructions.  -msse-check=none will make the assembler not to
           check SSE instructions,  which is the default.  -msse-check=warning
           will make the assembler issue a warning for any SSE instruction.
           -msse-check=error will make the assembler issue an error for any
           SSE instruction.

       -mavxscalar=128
       -mavxscalar=256
           These options control how the assembler should encode scalar AVX
           instructions.  -mavxscalar=128 will encode scalar AVX instructions
           with 128bit vector length, which is the default.  -mavxscalar=256
           will encode scalar AVX instructions with 256bit vector length.

           WARNING: Don't use this for production code - due to CPU errata the
           resulting code may not work on certain models.

       -mvexwig=0
       -mvexwig=1
           These options control how the assembler should encode VEX.W-ignored
           (WIG) VEX instructions.  -mvexwig=0 will encode WIG VEX
           instructions with vex.w = 0, which is the default.  -mvexwig=1 will
           encode WIG EVEX instructions with vex.w = 1.

           WARNING: Don't use this for production code - due to CPU errata the
           resulting code may not work on certain models.

       -mevexlig=128
       -mevexlig=256
       -mevexlig=512
           These options control how the assembler should encode length-
           ignored (LIG) EVEX instructions.  -mevexlig=128 will encode LIG
           EVEX instructions with 128bit vector length, which is the default.
           -mevexlig=256 and -mevexlig=512 will encode LIG EVEX instructions
           with 256bit and 512bit vector length, respectively.

       -mevexwig=0
       -mevexwig=1
           These options control how the assembler should encode w-ignored
           (WIG) EVEX instructions.  -mevexwig=0 will encode WIG EVEX
           instructions with evex.w = 0, which is the default.  -mevexwig=1
           will encode WIG EVEX instructions with evex.w = 1.

       -mmnemonic=att
       -mmnemonic=intel
           This option specifies instruction mnemonic for matching
           instructions.  The ".att_mnemonic" and ".intel_mnemonic" directives
           will take precedent.

       -msyntax=att
       -msyntax=intel
           This option specifies instruction syntax when processing
           instructions.  The ".att_syntax" and ".intel_syntax" directives
           will take precedent.

       -mnaked-reg
           This option specifies that registers don't require a % prefix.  The
           ".att_syntax" and ".intel_syntax" directives will take precedent.

       -madd-bnd-prefix
           This option forces the assembler to add BND prefix to all branches,
           even if such prefix was not explicitly specified in the source
           code.

       -mno-shared
           On ELF target, the assembler normally optimizes out non-PLT
           relocations against defined non-weak global branch targets with
           default visibility.  The -mshared option tells the assembler to
           generate code which may go into a shared library where all non-weak
           global branch targets with default visibility can be preempted.
           The resulting code is slightly bigger.  This option only affects
           the handling of branch instructions.

       -mbig-obj
           On x86-64 PE/COFF target this option forces the use of big object
           file format, which allows more than 32768 sections.

       -momit-lock-prefix=no
       -momit-lock-prefix=yes
           These options control how the assembler should encode lock prefix.
           This option is intended as a workaround for processors, that fail
           on lock prefix. This option can only be safely used with single-
           core, single-thread computers -momit-lock-prefix=yes will omit all
           lock prefixes.  -momit-lock-prefix=no will encode lock prefix as
           usual, which is the default.

       -mfence-as-lock-add=no
       -mfence-as-lock-add=yes
           These options control how the assembler should encode lfence,
           mfence and sfence.  -mfence-as-lock-add=yes will encode lfence,
           mfence and sfence as lock addl $0x0, (%rsp) in 64-bit mode and lock
           addl $0x0, (%esp) in 32-bit mode.  -mfence-as-lock-add=no will
           encode lfence, mfence and sfence as usual, which is the default.

       -mrelax-relocations=no
       -mrelax-relocations=yes
           These options control whether the assembler should generate relax
           relocations, R_386_GOT32X, in 32-bit mode, or R_X86_64_GOTPCRELX
           and R_X86_64_REX_GOTPCRELX, in 64-bit mode.
           -mrelax-relocations=yes will generate relax relocations.
           -mrelax-relocations=no will not generate relax relocations.  The
           default can be controlled by a configure option
           --enable-x86-relax-relocations.

       -malign-branch-boundary=NUM
           This option controls how the assembler should align branches with
           segment prefixes or NOP.  NUM must be a power of 2.  It should be 0
           or no less than 16.  Branches will be aligned within NUM byte
           boundary.  -malign-branch-boundary=0, which is the default, doesn't
           align branches.

       -malign-branch=TYPE[+TYPE...]
           This option specifies types of branches to align. TYPE is
           combination of jcc, which aligns conditional jumps, fused, which
           aligns fused conditional jumps, jmp, which aligns unconditional
           jumps, call which aligns calls, ret, which aligns rets, indirect,
           which aligns indirect jumps and calls.  The default is
           -malign-branch=jcc+fused+jmp.

       -malign-branch-prefix-size=NUM
           This option specifies the maximum number of prefixes on an
           instruction to align branches.  NUM should be between 0 and 5.  The
           default NUM is 5.

       -mbranches-within-32B-boundaries
           This option aligns conditional jumps, fused conditional jumps and
           unconditional jumps within 32 byte boundary with up to 5 segment
           prefixes on an instruction.  It is equivalent to
           -malign-branch-boundary=32 -malign-branch=jcc+fused+jmp
           -malign-branch-prefix-size=5.  The default doesn't align branches.

       -mx86-used-note=no
       -mx86-used-note=yes
           These options control whether the assembler should generate
           GNU_PROPERTY_X86_ISA_1_USED and GNU_PROPERTY_X86_FEATURE_2_USED GNU
           property notes.  The default can be controlled by the
           --enable-x86-used-note configure option.

       -mevexrcig=rne
       -mevexrcig=rd
       -mevexrcig=ru
       -mevexrcig=rz
           These options control how the assembler should encode SAE-only EVEX
           instructions.  -mevexrcig=rne will encode RC bits of EVEX
           instruction with 00, which is the default.  -mevexrcig=rd,
           -mevexrcig=ru and -mevexrcig=rz will encode SAE-only EVEX
           instructions with 01, 10 and 11 RC bits, respectively.

       -mamd64
       -mintel64
           This option specifies that the assembler should accept only AMD64
           or Intel64 ISA in 64-bit mode.  The default is to accept common,
           Intel64 only and AMD64 ISAs.

       -O0 | -O | -O1 | -O2 | -Os
           Optimize instruction encoding with smaller instruction size.  -O
           and -O1 encode 64-bit register load instructions with 64-bit
           immediate as 32-bit register load instructions with 31-bit or
           32-bits immediates, encode 64-bit register clearing instructions
           with 32-bit register clearing instructions, encode 256-bit/512-bit
           VEX/EVEX vector register clearing instructions with 128-bit VEX
           vector register clearing instructions, encode 128-bit/256-bit EVEX
           vector register load/store instructions with VEX vector register
           load/store instructions, and encode 128-bit/256-bit EVEX packed
           integer logical instructions with 128-bit/256-bit VEX packed
           integer logical.

           -O2 includes -O1 optimization plus encodes 256-bit/512-bit EVEX
           vector register clearing instructions with 128-bit EVEX vector
           register clearing instructions.  In 64-bit mode VEX encoded
           instructions with commutative source operands will also have their
           source operands swapped if this allows using the 2-byte VEX prefix
           form instead of the 3-byte one.  Certain forms of AND as well as OR
           with the same (register) operand specified twice will also be
           changed to TEST.

           -Os includes -O2 optimization plus encodes 16-bit, 32-bit and
           64-bit register tests with immediate as 8-bit register test with
           immediate.  -O0 turns off this optimization.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the
       Ubicom IP2K series.

       -mip2022ext
           Specifies that the extended IP2022 instructions are allowed.

       -mip2022
           Restores the default behaviour, which restricts the permitted
           instructions to just the basic IP2022 ones.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the
       Renesas M32C and M16C processors.

       -m32c
           Assemble M32C instructions.

       -m16c
           Assemble M16C instructions (the default).

       -relax
           Enable support for link-time relaxations.

       -h-tick-hex
           Support H'00 style hex constants in addition to 0x00 style.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the
       Renesas M32R (formerly Mitsubishi M32R) series.

       --m32rx
           Specify which processor in the M32R family is the target.  The
           default is normally the M32R, but this option changes it to the
           M32RX.

       --warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts or --Wp
           Produce warning messages when questionable parallel constructs are
           encountered.

       --no-warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts or --Wnp
           Do not produce warning messages when questionable parallel
           constructs are encountered.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the
       Motorola 68000 series.

       -l  Shorten references to undefined symbols, to one word instead of
           two.

       -m68000 | -m68008 | -m68010 | -m68020 | -m68030
       | -m68040 | -m68060 | -m68302 | -m68331 | -m68332
       | -m68333 | -m68340 | -mcpu32 | -m5200
           Specify what processor in the 68000 family is the target.  The
           default is normally the 68020, but this can be changed at
           configuration time.

       -m68881 | -m68882 | -mno-68881 | -mno-68882
           The target machine does (or does not) have a floating-point
           coprocessor.  The default is to assume a coprocessor for 68020,
           68030, and cpu32.  Although the basic 68000 is not compatible with
           the 68881, a combination of the two can be specified, since it's
           possible to do emulation of the coprocessor instructions with the
           main processor.

       -m68851 | -mno-68851
           The target machine does (or does not) have a memory-management unit
           coprocessor.  The default is to assume an MMU for 68020 and up.

       The following options are available when as is configured for an Altera
       Nios II processor.

       -relax-section
           Replace identified out-of-range branches with PC-relative "jmp"
           sequences when possible.  The generated code sequences are suitable
           for use in position-independent code, but there is a practical
           limit on the extended branch range because of the length of the
           sequences.  This option is the default.

       -relax-all
           Replace branch instructions not determinable to be in range and all
           call instructions with "jmp" and "callr" sequences (respectively).
           This option generates absolute relocations against the target
           symbols and is not appropriate for position-independent code.

       -no-relax
           Do not replace any branches or calls.

       -EB Generate big-endian output.

       -EL Generate little-endian output.  This is the default.

       -march=architecture
           This option specifies the target architecture.  The assembler
           issues an error message if an attempt is made to assemble an
           instruction which will not execute on the target architecture.  The
           following architecture names are recognized: "r1", "r2".  The
           default is "r1".

       The following options are available when as is configured for a PRU
       processor.

       -mlink-relax
           Assume that LD would optimize LDI32 instructions by checking the
           upper 16 bits of the expression. If they are all zeros, then LD
           would shorten the LDI32 instruction to a single LDI. In such case
           "as" will output DIFF relocations for diff expressions.

       -mno-link-relax
           Assume that LD would not optimize LDI32 instructions. As a
           consequence, DIFF relocations will not be emitted.

       -mno-warn-regname-label
           Do not warn if a label name matches a register name. Usually
           assembler programmers will want this warning to be emitted. C
           compilers may want to turn this off.

       The following options are available when as is configured for a MIPS
       processor.

       -G num
           This option sets the largest size of an object that can be
           referenced implicitly with the "gp" register.  It is only accepted
           for targets that use ECOFF format, such as a DECstation running
           Ultrix.  The default value is 8.

       -EB Generate "big endian" format output.

       -EL Generate "little endian" format output.

       -mips1
       -mips2
       -mips3
       -mips4
       -mips5
       -mips32
       -mips32r2
       -mips32r3
       -mips32r5
       -mips32r6
       -mips64
       -mips64r2
       -mips64r3
       -mips64r5
       -mips64r6
           Generate code for a particular MIPS Instruction Set Architecture
           level.  -mips1 is an alias for -march=r3000, -mips2 is an alias for
           -march=r6000, -mips3 is an alias for -march=r4000 and -mips4 is an
           alias for -march=r8000.  -mips5, -mips32, -mips32r2, -mips32r3,
           -mips32r5, -mips32r6, -mips64, -mips64r2, -mips64r3, -mips64r5, and
           -mips64r6 correspond to generic MIPS V, MIPS32, MIPS32 Release 2,
           MIPS32 Release 3, MIPS32 Release 5, MIPS32 Release 6, MIPS64,
           MIPS64 Release 2, MIPS64 Release 3, MIPS64 Release 5, and MIPS64
           Release 6 ISA processors, respectively.

       -march=cpu
           Generate code for a particular MIPS CPU.

       -mtune=cpu
           Schedule and tune for a particular MIPS CPU.

       -mfix7000
       -mno-fix7000
           Cause nops to be inserted if the read of the destination register
           of an mfhi or mflo instruction occurs in the following two
           instructions.

       -mfix-rm7000
       -mno-fix-rm7000
           Cause nops to be inserted if a dmult or dmultu instruction is
           followed by a load instruction.

       -mfix-r5900
       -mno-fix-r5900
           Do not attempt to schedule the preceding instruction into the delay
           slot of a branch instruction placed at the end of a short loop of
           six instructions or fewer and always schedule a "nop" instruction
           there instead.  The short loop bug under certain conditions causes
           loops to execute only once or twice, due to a hardware bug in the
           R5900 chip.

       -mdebug
       -no-mdebug
           Cause stabs-style debugging output to go into an ECOFF-style
           .mdebug section instead of the standard ELF .stabs sections.

       -mpdr
       -mno-pdr
           Control generation of ".pdr" sections.

       -mgp32
       -mfp32
           The register sizes are normally inferred from the ISA and ABI, but
           these flags force a certain group of registers to be treated as 32
           bits wide at all times.  -mgp32 controls the size of general-
           purpose registers and -mfp32 controls the size of floating-point
           registers.

       -mgp64
       -mfp64
           The register sizes are normally inferred from the ISA and ABI, but
           these flags force a certain group of registers to be treated as 64
           bits wide at all times.  -mgp64 controls the size of general-
           purpose registers and -mfp64 controls the size of floating-point
           registers.

       -mfpxx
           The register sizes are normally inferred from the ISA and ABI, but
           using this flag in combination with -mabi=32 enables an ABI variant
           which will operate correctly with floating-point registers which
           are 32 or 64 bits wide.

       -modd-spreg
       -mno-odd-spreg
           Enable use of floating-point operations on odd-numbered single-
           precision registers when supported by the ISA.  -mfpxx implies
           -mno-odd-spreg, otherwise the default is -modd-spreg.

       -mips16
       -no-mips16
           Generate code for the MIPS 16 processor.  This is equivalent to
           putting ".module mips16" at the start of the assembly file.
           -no-mips16 turns off this option.

       -mmips16e2
       -mno-mips16e2
           Enable the use of MIPS16e2 instructions in MIPS16 mode.  This is
           equivalent to putting ".module mips16e2" at the start of the
           assembly file.  -mno-mips16e2 turns off this option.

       -mmicromips
       -mno-micromips
           Generate code for the microMIPS processor.  This is equivalent to
           putting ".module micromips" at the start of the assembly file.
           -mno-micromips turns off this option.  This is equivalent to
           putting ".module nomicromips" at the start of the assembly file.

       -msmartmips
       -mno-smartmips
           Enables the SmartMIPS extension to the MIPS32 instruction set.
           This is equivalent to putting ".module smartmips" at the start of
           the assembly file.  -mno-smartmips turns off this option.

       -mips3d
       -no-mips3d
           Generate code for the MIPS-3D Application Specific Extension.  This
           tells the assembler to accept MIPS-3D instructions.  -no-mips3d
           turns off this option.

       -mdmx
       -no-mdmx
           Generate code for the MDMX Application Specific Extension.  This
           tells the assembler to accept MDMX instructions.  -no-mdmx turns
           off this option.

       -mdsp
       -mno-dsp
           Generate code for the DSP Release 1 Application Specific Extension.
           This tells the assembler to accept DSP Release 1 instructions.
           -mno-dsp turns off this option.

       -mdspr2
       -mno-dspr2
           Generate code for the DSP Release 2 Application Specific Extension.
           This option implies -mdsp.  This tells the assembler to accept DSP
           Release 2 instructions.  -mno-dspr2 turns off this option.

       -mdspr3
       -mno-dspr3
           Generate code for the DSP Release 3 Application Specific Extension.
           This option implies -mdsp and -mdspr2.  This tells the assembler to
           accept DSP Release 3 instructions.  -mno-dspr3 turns off this
           option.

       -mmsa
       -mno-msa
           Generate code for the MIPS SIMD Architecture Extension.  This tells
           the assembler to accept MSA instructions.  -mno-msa turns off this
           option.

       -mxpa
       -mno-xpa
           Generate code for the MIPS eXtended Physical Address (XPA)
           Extension.  This tells the assembler to accept XPA instructions.
           -mno-xpa turns off this option.

       -mmt
       -mno-mt
           Generate code for the MT Application Specific Extension.  This
           tells the assembler to accept MT instructions.  -mno-mt turns off
           this option.

       -mmcu
       -mno-mcu
           Generate code for the MCU Application Specific Extension.  This
           tells the assembler to accept MCU instructions.  -mno-mcu turns off
           this option.

       -mcrc
       -mno-crc
           Generate code for the MIPS cyclic redundancy check (CRC)
           Application Specific Extension.  This tells the assembler to accept
           CRC instructions.  -mno-crc turns off this option.

       -mginv
       -mno-ginv
           Generate code for the Global INValidate (GINV) Application Specific
           Extension.  This tells the assembler to accept GINV instructions.
           -mno-ginv turns off this option.

       -mloongson-mmi
       -mno-loongson-mmi
           Generate code for the Loongson MultiMedia extensions Instructions
           (MMI) Application Specific Extension.  This tells the assembler to
           accept MMI instructions.  -mno-loongson-mmi turns off this option.

       -mloongson-cam
       -mno-loongson-cam
           Generate code for the Loongson Content Address Memory (CAM)
           instructions.  This tells the assembler to accept Loongson CAM
           instructions.  -mno-loongson-cam turns off this option.

       -mloongson-ext
       -mno-loongson-ext
           Generate code for the Loongson EXTensions (EXT) instructions.  This
           tells the assembler to accept Loongson EXT instructions.
           -mno-loongson-ext turns off this option.

       -mloongson-ext2
       -mno-loongson-ext2
           Generate code for the Loongson EXTensions R2 (EXT2) instructions.
           This option implies -mloongson-ext.  This tells the assembler to
           accept Loongson EXT2 instructions.  -mno-loongson-ext2 turns off
           this option.

       -minsn32
       -mno-insn32
           Only use 32-bit instruction encodings when generating code for the
           microMIPS processor.  This option inhibits the use of any 16-bit
           instructions.  This is equivalent to putting ".set insn32" at the
           start of the assembly file.  -mno-insn32 turns off this option.
           This is equivalent to putting ".set noinsn32" at the start of the
           assembly file.  By default -mno-insn32 is selected, allowing all
           instructions to be used.

       --construct-floats
       --no-construct-floats
           The --no-construct-floats option disables the construction of
           double width floating point constants by loading the two halves of
           the value into the two single width floating point registers that
           make up the double width register.  By default --construct-floats
           is selected, allowing construction of these floating point
           constants.

       --relax-branch
       --no-relax-branch
           The --relax-branch option enables the relaxation of out-of-range
           branches.  By default --no-relax-branch is selected, causing any
           out-of-range branches to produce an error.

       -mignore-branch-isa
       -mno-ignore-branch-isa
           Ignore branch checks for invalid transitions between ISA modes.
           The semantics of branches does not provide for an ISA mode switch,
           so in most cases the ISA mode a branch has been encoded for has to
           be the same as the ISA mode of the branch's target label.
           Therefore GAS has checks implemented that verify in branch assembly
           that the two ISA modes match.  -mignore-branch-isa disables these
           checks.  By default -mno-ignore-branch-isa is selected, causing any
           invalid branch requiring a transition between ISA modes to produce
           an error.

       -mnan=encoding
           Select between the IEEE 754-2008 (-mnan=2008) or the legacy
           (-mnan=legacy) NaN encoding format.  The latter is the default.

       --emulation=name
           This option was formerly used to switch between ELF and ECOFF
           output on targets like IRIX 5 that supported both.  MIPS ECOFF
           support was removed in GAS 2.24, so the option now serves little
           purpose.  It is retained for backwards compatibility.

           The available configuration names are: mipself, mipslelf and
           mipsbelf.  Choosing mipself now has no effect, since the output is
           always ELF.  mipslelf and mipsbelf select little- and big-endian
           output respectively, but -EL and -EB are now the preferred options
           instead.

       -nocpp
           as ignores this option.  It is accepted for compatibility with the
           native tools.

       --trap
       --no-trap
       --break
       --no-break
           Control how to deal with multiplication overflow and division by
           zero.  --trap or --no-break (which are synonyms) take a trap
           exception (and only work for Instruction Set Architecture level 2
           and higher); --break or --no-trap (also synonyms, and the default)
           take a break exception.

       -n  When this option is used, as will issue a warning every time it
           generates a nop instruction from a macro.

       The following options are available when as is configured for a Meta
       processor.

       "-mcpu=metac11"
           Generate code for Meta 1.1.

       "-mcpu=metac12"
           Generate code for Meta 1.2.

       "-mcpu=metac21"
           Generate code for Meta 2.1.

       "-mfpu=metac21"
           Allow code to use FPU hardware of Meta 2.1.

       See the info pages for documentation of the MMIX-specific options.

       The following options are available when as is configured for a NDS32
       processor.

       "-O1"
           Optimize for performance.

       "-Os"
           Optimize for space.

       "-EL"
           Produce little endian data output.

       "-EB"
           Produce little endian data output.

       "-mpic"
           Generate PIC.

       "-mno-fp-as-gp-relax"
           Suppress fp-as-gp relaxation for this file.

       "-mb2bb-relax"
           Back-to-back branch optimization.

       "-mno-all-relax"
           Suppress all relaxation for this file.

       "-march=<arch name>"
           Assemble for architecture <arch name> which could be v3, v3j, v3m,
           v3f, v3s, v2, v2j, v2f, v2s.

       "-mbaseline=<baseline>"
           Assemble for baseline <baseline> which could be v2, v3, v3m.

       "-mfpu-freg=FREG"
           Specify a FPU configuration.

           "0      8 SP /  4 DP registers"
           "1     16 SP /  8 DP registers"
           "2     32 SP / 16 DP registers"
           "3     32 SP / 32 DP registers"
       "-mabi=abi"
           Specify a abi version <abi> could be v1, v2, v2fp, v2fpp.

       "-m[no-]mac"
           Enable/Disable Multiply instructions support.

       "-m[no-]div"
           Enable/Disable Divide instructions support.

       "-m[no-]16bit-ext"
           Enable/Disable 16-bit extension

       "-m[no-]dx-regs"
           Enable/Disable d0/d1 registers

       "-m[no-]perf-ext"
           Enable/Disable Performance extension

       "-m[no-]perf2-ext"
           Enable/Disable Performance extension 2

       "-m[no-]string-ext"
           Enable/Disable String extension

       "-m[no-]reduced-regs"
           Enable/Disable Reduced Register configuration (GPR16) option

       "-m[no-]audio-isa-ext"
           Enable/Disable AUDIO ISA extension

       "-m[no-]fpu-sp-ext"
           Enable/Disable FPU SP extension

       "-m[no-]fpu-dp-ext"
           Enable/Disable FPU DP extension

       "-m[no-]fpu-fma"
           Enable/Disable FPU fused-multiply-add instructions

       "-mall-ext"
           Turn on all extensions and instructions support

       The following options are available when as is configured for a PowerPC
       processor.

       -a32
           Generate ELF32 or XCOFF32.

       -a64
           Generate ELF64 or XCOFF64.

       -K PIC
           Set EF_PPC_RELOCATABLE_LIB in ELF flags.

       -mpwrx | -mpwr2
           Generate code for POWER/2 (RIOS2).

       -mpwr
           Generate code for POWER (RIOS1)

       -m601
           Generate code for PowerPC 601.

       -mppc, -mppc32, -m603, -m604
           Generate code for PowerPC 603/604.

       -m403, -m405
           Generate code for PowerPC 403/405.

       -m440
           Generate code for PowerPC 440.  BookE and some 405 instructions.

       -m464
           Generate code for PowerPC 464.

       -m476
           Generate code for PowerPC 476.

       -m7400, -m7410, -m7450, -m7455
           Generate code for PowerPC 7400/7410/7450/7455.

       -m750cl, -mgekko, -mbroadway
           Generate code for PowerPC 750CL/Gekko/Broadway.

       -m821, -m850, -m860
           Generate code for PowerPC 821/850/860.

       -mppc64, -m620
           Generate code for PowerPC 620/625/630.

       -me500, -me500x2
           Generate code for Motorola e500 core complex.

       -me500mc
           Generate code for Freescale e500mc core complex.

       -me500mc64
           Generate code for Freescale e500mc64 core complex.

       -me5500
           Generate code for Freescale e5500 core complex.

       -me6500
           Generate code for Freescale e6500 core complex.

       -mspe
           Generate code for Motorola SPE instructions.

       -mspe2
           Generate code for Freescale SPE2 instructions.

       -mtitan
           Generate code for AppliedMicro Titan core complex.

       -mppc64bridge
           Generate code for PowerPC 64, including bridge insns.

       -mbooke
           Generate code for 32-bit BookE.

       -ma2
           Generate code for A2 architecture.

       -me300
           Generate code for PowerPC e300 family.

       -maltivec
           Generate code for processors with AltiVec instructions.

       -mvle
           Generate code for Freescale PowerPC VLE instructions.

       -mvsx
           Generate code for processors with Vector-Scalar (VSX) instructions.

       -mhtm
           Generate code for processors with Hardware Transactional Memory
           instructions.

       -mpower4, -mpwr4
           Generate code for Power4 architecture.

       -mpower5, -mpwr5, -mpwr5x
           Generate code for Power5 architecture.

       -mpower6, -mpwr6
           Generate code for Power6 architecture.

       -mpower7, -mpwr7
           Generate code for Power7 architecture.

       -mpower8, -mpwr8
           Generate code for Power8 architecture.

       -mpower9, -mpwr9
           Generate code for Power9 architecture.

       -mcell
       -mcell
           Generate code for Cell Broadband Engine architecture.

       -mcom
           Generate code Power/PowerPC common instructions.

       -many
           Generate code for any architecture (PWR/PWRX/PPC).

       -mregnames
           Allow symbolic names for registers.

       -mno-regnames
           Do not allow symbolic names for registers.

       -mrelocatable
           Support for GCC's -mrelocatable option.

       -mrelocatable-lib
           Support for GCC's -mrelocatable-lib option.

       -memb
           Set PPC_EMB bit in ELF flags.

       -mlittle, -mlittle-endian, -le
           Generate code for a little endian machine.

       -mbig, -mbig-endian, -be
           Generate code for a big endian machine.

       -msolaris
           Generate code for Solaris.

       -mno-solaris
           Do not generate code for Solaris.

       -nops=count
           If an alignment directive inserts more than count nops, put a
           branch at the beginning to skip execution of the nops.

       The following options are available when as is configured for a RISC-V
       processor.

       -fpic
       -fPIC
           Generate position-independent code

       -fno-pic
           Don't generate position-independent code (default)

       -march=ISA
           Select the base isa, as specified by ISA.  For example
           -march=rv32ima.

       -mabi=ABI
           Selects the ABI, which is either "ilp32" or "lp64", optionally
           followed by "f", "d", or "q" to indicate single-precision, double-
           precision, or quad-precision floating-point calling convention, or
           none to indicate the soft-float calling convention.  Also, "ilp32"
           can optionally be followed by "e" to indicate the RVE ABI, which is
           always soft-float.

       -mrelax
           Take advantage of linker relaxations to reduce the number of
           instructions required to materialize symbol addresses. (default)

       -mno-relax
           Don't do linker relaxations.

       See the info pages for documentation of the RX-specific options.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the s390
       processor family.

       -m31
       -m64
           Select the word size, either 31/32 bits or 64 bits.

       -mesa
       -mzarch
           Select the architecture mode, either the Enterprise System
           Architecture (esa) or the z/Architecture mode (zarch).

       -march=processor
           Specify which s390 processor variant is the target, g5 (or arch3),
           g6, z900 (or arch5), z990 (or arch6), z9-109, z9-ec (or arch7), z10
           (or arch8), z196 (or arch9), zEC12 (or arch10), z13 (or arch11),
           z14 (or arch12), or z15 (or arch13).

       -mregnames
       -mno-regnames
           Allow or disallow symbolic names for registers.

       -mwarn-areg-zero
           Warn whenever the operand for a base or index register has been
           specified but evaluates to zero.

       The following options are available when as is configured for a
       TMS320C6000 processor.

       -march=arch
           Enable (only) instructions from architecture arch.  By default, all
           instructions are permitted.

           The following values of arch are accepted: "c62x", "c64x", "c64x+",
           "c67x", "c67x+", "c674x".

       -mdsbt
       -mno-dsbt
           The -mdsbt option causes the assembler to generate the
           "Tag_ABI_DSBT" attribute with a value of 1, indicating that the
           code is using DSBT addressing.  The -mno-dsbt option, the default,
           causes the tag to have a value of 0, indicating that the code does
           not use DSBT addressing.  The linker will emit a warning if objects
           of different type (DSBT and non-DSBT) are linked together.

       -mpid=no
       -mpid=near
       -mpid=far
           The -mpid= option causes the assembler to generate the
           "Tag_ABI_PID" attribute with a value indicating the form of data
           addressing used by the code.  -mpid=no, the default, indicates
           position-dependent data addressing, -mpid=near indicates position-
           independent addressing with GOT accesses using near DP addressing,
           and -mpid=far indicates position-independent addressing with GOT
           accesses using far DP addressing.  The linker will emit a warning
           if objects built with different settings of this option are linked
           together.

       -mpic
       -mno-pic
           The -mpic option causes the assembler to generate the "Tag_ABI_PIC"
           attribute with a value of 1, indicating that the code is using
           position-independent code addressing,  The "-mno-pic" option, the
           default, causes the tag to have a value of 0, indicating position-
           dependent code addressing.  The linker will emit a warning if
           objects of different type (position-dependent and position-
           independent) are linked together.

       -mbig-endian
       -mlittle-endian
           Generate code for the specified endianness.  The default is little-
           endian.

       The following options are available when as is configured for a TILE-Gx
       processor.

       -m32 | -m64
           Select the word size, either 32 bits or 64 bits.

       -EB | -EL
           Select the endianness, either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian
           (-EL).

       The following option is available when as is configured for a Visium
       processor.

       -mtune=arch
           This option specifies the target architecture.  If an attempt is
           made to assemble an instruction that will not execute on the target
           architecture, the assembler will issue an error message.

           The following names are recognized: "mcm24" "mcm" "gr5" "gr6"

       The following options are available when as is configured for an Xtensa
       processor.

       --text-section-literals | --no-text-section-literals
           Control the treatment of literal pools.  The default is
           --no-text-section-literals, which places literals in separate
           sections in the output file.  This allows the literal pool to be
           placed in a data RAM/ROM.  With --text-section-literals, the
           literals are interspersed in the text section in order to keep them
           as close as possible to their references.  This may be necessary
           for large assembly files, where the literals would otherwise be out
           of range of the "L32R" instructions in the text section.  Literals
           are grouped into pools following ".literal_position" directives or
           preceding "ENTRY" instructions.  These options only affect literals
           referenced via PC-relative "L32R" instructions; literals for
           absolute mode "L32R" instructions are handled separately.

       --auto-litpools | --no-auto-litpools
           Control the treatment of literal pools.  The default is
           --no-auto-litpools, which in the absence of --text-section-literals
           places literals in separate sections in the output file.  This
           allows the literal pool to be placed in a data RAM/ROM.  With
           --auto-litpools, the literals are interspersed in the text section
           in order to keep them as close as possible to their references,
           explicit ".literal_position" directives are not required.  This may
           be necessary for very large functions, where single literal pool at
           the beginning of the function may not be reachable by "L32R"
           instructions at the end.  These options only affect literals
           referenced via PC-relative "L32R" instructions; literals for
           absolute mode "L32R" instructions are handled separately.  When
           used together with --text-section-literals, --auto-litpools takes
           precedence.

       --absolute-literals | --no-absolute-literals
           Indicate to the assembler whether "L32R" instructions use absolute
           or PC-relative addressing.  If the processor includes the absolute
           addressing option, the default is to use absolute "L32R"
           relocations.  Otherwise, only the PC-relative "L32R" relocations
           can be used.

       --target-align | --no-target-align
           Enable or disable automatic alignment to reduce branch penalties at
           some expense in code size.    This optimization is enabled by
           default.  Note that the assembler will always align instructions
           like "LOOP" that have fixed alignment requirements.

       --longcalls | --no-longcalls
           Enable or disable transformation of call instructions to allow
           calls across a greater range of addresses.    This option should be
           used when call targets can potentially be out of range.  It may
           degrade both code size and performance, but the linker can
           generally optimize away the unnecessary overhead when a call ends
           up within range.  The default is --no-longcalls.

       --transform | --no-transform
           Enable or disable all assembler transformations of Xtensa
           instructions, including both relaxation and optimization.  The
           default is --transform; --no-transform should only be used in the
           rare cases when the instructions must be exactly as specified in
           the assembly source.  Using --no-transform causes out of range
           instruction operands to be errors.

       --rename-section oldname=newname
           Rename the oldname section to newname.  This option can be used
           multiple times to rename multiple sections.

       --trampolines | --no-trampolines
           Enable or disable transformation of jump instructions to allow
           jumps across a greater range of addresses.    This option should be
           used when jump targets can potentially be out of range.  In the
           absence of such jumps this option does not affect code size or
           performance.  The default is --trampolines.

       The following options are available when as is configured for an Z80
       processor.

       @chapter Z80 Dependent Features

   Command-line Options
       -z80
           Produce code for the Z80 processor. By default accepted
           undocumented operations with halves of index registers ("IXL",
           "IXH", "IYL", "IYH") and instuction "IN F,(C)". Other useful
           undocumented instructions produces warnings. Undocumented
           instructions may not work on some CPUs, use them on your own risk.

       -r800
           Produce code for the R800 processor.

       -z180
           Produce code for the Z180 processor.

       -ez80
           Produce code for the eZ80 processor in Z80 memory mode by default.

       -ez80-adl
           Produce code for the eZ80 processor in ADL memory mode by default.

       -local-prefix=prefix
           Mark all labels with specified prefix as local. But such label can
           be marked global explicitly in the code. This option do not change
           default local label prefix ".L", it is just adds new one.

       -colonless
           Accept colonless labels. All names at line begin are treated as
           labels.

       -sdcc
           Accept assembler code produced by SDCC.

       -fp-s=FORMAT
           Single precision floating point numbers format. Default: ieee754
           (32 bit).

       -fp-d=FORMAT
           Double precision floating point numbers format. Default: ieee754
           (64 bit).

       -strict
           Accept documented instructions only.

       -full
           Accept all known Z80 instructions.

       -with-inst=INST[,...]
       -Wnins INST[,...]
           Enable specified undocumented instruction(s).

       -without-inst=INST[,...]
       -Fins INST[,...]
           Disable specified undocumented instruction(s).

       -ignore-undocumented-instructions
       -Wnud
           Silently assemble undocumented Z80-instructions that have been
           adopted as documented R800-instructions .

       -ignore-unportable-instructions
       -Wnup
           Silently assemble all undocumented Z80-instructions.

       -warn-undocumented-instructions
       -Wud
           Issue warnings for undocumented Z80-instructions that work on R800,
           do not assemble other undocumented instructions without warning.

       -warn-unportable-instructions
       -Wup
           Issue warnings for other undocumented Z80-instructions, do not
           treat any undocumented instructions as errors.

       -forbid-undocumented-instructions
       -Fud
           Treat all undocumented z80-instructions as errors.

       -forbid-unportable-instructions
       -Fup
           Treat undocumented z80-instructions that do not work on R800 as
           errors.

SEE ALSO
       gcc(1), ld(1), and the Info entries for binutils and ld.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 1991-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
       any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
       Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
       Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
       Free Documentation License".

binutils-2.34                     2024-01-23                             AS(1)

NAME | SYNOPSIS | TARGET | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | SEE ALSO | COPYRIGHT